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Rainier III of Monaco, Rainier Louis Henri Maxence born Bertrand Grimaldi May 31, 1923 in Monaco, died April 6, 2005 in Monaco. He was the Sovereign Prince of Monaco from 1949 to 2005, a long reign of 56 years, during which he was nicknamed the "Prince builder". He is the son of Princess Charlotte of Monaco and Prince Pierre of Monaco, born Pierre de Polignac (great-nephew of Jules de Polignac, the last president of the Council of Ministers of Charles X of France) and has one sister, Princess Antoinette of Monaco, his senior by two years. His grandfather Louis II of Monaco was an officer in a combat unit of the French army and decorated for bravery during the First World War. Louis II of Monaco had just been appointed general of the French army, when he had to agree to come and reign on the rock of Monaco.